能为与应为：从本科生成绩单看绩点制的功能
| 作 者：赵婷婷 胡艳婷 |
| 单 位：厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心；厦门大学马克思主义学院 |
| 基金项目：国家社会科学基金教育学重点课题“中国特色、世界水平的一流本科教育建设标准与建设机 制研究” |
| 摘 要： |
| 绩点制作为评价学生学习成效的制度，在我国高校教学管理中发挥着越来越重要的作用。从 本科生成绩单的数据分析中可以看出，我国高校在绩点制实施中存在着绩点转换不规范、GPA的课程计 算范围随意性强、绩点膨胀现象突出、绩点在日常教学中的作用几乎没有体现等问题。这些问题的出现 和绩点制的功能被异化紧密相关。当今我国高校过分重视绩点制的筛选功能和比较功能，但这两个功能 只是绩点制的衍生功能，其核心功能——检验功能和警示功能却被弱化和忽视，这严重影响了绩点制的 健康发展，也对学生的学习产生了不良影响。因此，我们应回归绩点制“辅助学生学业发展，帮助学生自 我成长”这一核心价值，正确发挥绩点制的功能和作用。具体而言，要逐步扭转高校过分夸大绩点制筛选 功能的状况，构建多元化的学生发展评价体系；回归绩点制的核心功能，充分发挥绩点制对于学生学业 的检验和警示作用；规范GPA的计算方法，加强绩点制的规范化和科学化。 |
| 关键词：绩点制；平均学分绩点；本科生成绩单；检验功能；警示功能 |
The Ability and Response: The Function of the Grade Point Average System from the Undergraduate Transcripts
| Author's Name: ZHAO Ting-ting HU Yan-ting |
| Institution: |
| Abstract: |
| As a system for evaluating students' learning effectiveness, grade point average (GPA) system plays an important role in the management of higher education institutions in China. From the data analysis of undergraduate students’ transcripts, the following problems were found in the implementation of the GPA system in Chinese higher education institutions: the conversion of grade points is not standardized, the calculation range of GPA courses is highly arbitrary, the phenomenon of GPA inflation is prominent, and the role of grade points in daily teaching is hardly reflected. The emergence of these problems is closely related to the alienation of the function of the GPA system. At present, higher education institutions pay too much attention to the screening function and comparison function of the GPA system, but these two functions are only derivative functions of the GPA system, and its core functions such as the inspection function and the warning function have been weakened and ignored. This situation has seriously affected the healthy development of the GPA system and has a negative impact on students' learning. Therefore, it is necessary for institutions to return to the core value of the GPA system for assisting students' academic development and helping students’ self-growth, and correctly play the function GPA system. Specifically, it is necessary to gradually reverse the situation that higher education institutions exaggerate the screening function of the GPA system and build a diversified student development evaluation system. Thus, it may return to the core function of the GPA system, give full play to the test and warning function of the GPA system for students' academic performance, standardize the calculation method of GPA, and strengthens the standardization and scientization of the grade point system. |
| Keywords: grade point system; grade point average; undergraduate transcript; inspection function; warning function |
| 投稿时间：2022-03-22 |
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