教育要聚焦于青少年的人性成长
| 作 者：燕良轼 李亮 卞军凤 徐异 |
| 单 位：湖南师范大学 |
| 基金项目：国家社会科学基金项目“当代青少年良心发展
轨迹及干预研究”（14BSH08） |
| 摘 要： |
| 人性是教育的起点和归宿。教育的真正要义与真谛就是
促进青少年的人性成长，人性成长才是教育的根本目的。人只
能通过教育而获得人性，环境是通过人性的改变而改变的，教
育应当是使人性向善的系列活动，促进青少年人性成长的关键
与核心是开展良心教育。青少年良心教育又可以从是非心、羞
耻心、恻隐心、宽恕心、孝敬心、诚信心、感恩心、责任心等八
个方面展开教育。 |
| 关键词：人性成长；青少年；良心教育；教育目的；核心素养 |
Education Should Focus on the Growth of Adolescents’ Humanity
| Author's Name: YAN Liang-shi LI Liang BIAN Jun-feng XU Yi |
| Institution: |
| Abstract: |
| Abstract: Humanity is the starting point and the destination of education. Through education, people can develop
humanity and get rid of animal nature and ignorance. This view has long existed in the traditional Chinese educational
philosophy. In ancient China, both thinkers and educators, regardless of their adherence to doctrine of good human
nature or evil human nature, believe that education can not only enable people to gain knowledge and wisdom, but
more importantly, it can change temperament and transform human nature. In recent years, there have been a series
of serious incidents among young people in China. These incidents have led people to examine the problem of
human nature in education. The true meaning and essence of education is to promote the development of adolescents'
humanity. This is the fundamental purpose of education. All knowledge, skills, or professional learning must proceed
from human nature and promote the growth of human nature and improve the quality of humanity. Acquisition of
knowledge and skills cannot be achieved at the cost of losing or degrading human nature. People can only nurture
humanity through education. The environment changes through changes in human nature. People can change their
living environment through education, change the landscape, and even change the nature of creatures; people can
also change their character through mutual influence. Education is a series of activities that promote the growth of
humanity to truth, goodness, and beauty. Education means that the true, the good and the beautiful of the youth should
be brought to foreground through changes in the environment. The core qualities of education must be centered on
human nature. We must focus on how students can cultivate conscience. All educational reforms and arrangements
for all teaching activities must be based on human nature as the ultimate destination. Education is through a series
of activities to reduce or eliminate juvenile unjust or low-level desires and increase legitimate, noble, elegant, noble
desires.
The key to promoting the development of adolescents' humanity is to develop conscience education. That
is mainly reflected in eight aspects: (1) education about sense of what is right and what is wrong: the sense is the
standards that the adolescent judging things good or evil, beautiful or ugly, right or wrong, good or bad. Without this
standard, one cannot develop truly good humanity. (2) Education about shame: Shame is a kind of psychological guilt,
jealousy, and nervousness caused by one's own negligence. This kind of psychology makes people try to make up for
their mistakes. Shame can help young people to reflect on their own faults, to understand and take responsibility. (3)
Education about sympathy: sympathy refers to compassion and concern about the sufferings or misfortunes of others.
Human numbness is indifferent to the misfortunes and sufferings of others. Education is to enable young people to
empathize with others and learn to understand the feelings of others and the suffering of others. (4) Education about
forgiveness: Forgiveness is the attitude of tolerance and understanding of other people's shortcomings, faults, and
even other people’s acts that have caused harm to themselves. Forgiveness can reflect the self-cultivation and broad
mind of young people. (5) Education about filial piety: This is the starting point of all love, the source of all love.
(6) Education about honesty and integrity: Honesty and integrity are an indispensable part of a person's conscience.
They are the basis of a person's conduct. The goodness or evilness of human nature are closely related to honesty and
integrity. (7) Education on gratefulness: Repaying kindness is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation and an integral
part of the conscience of Chinese youth. The beauty of human nature lies in people’s gratitude to those who help
them in their own growth. (8) Education about responsibility: It is a personality dimension that describes a person's
sense of responsibility, reliability, persistence, and achievement. The process of education should be a process of
continuous expansion of students’ sense of responsibilities rather than a process of gradually dwindling of their sense
of responsibility.
The authors believe that conscience education must start from the above eight aspects, which is consistent with
the core literacy education that we advocate at the moment, and even the core of the core. |
| Keywords: growth of humanity; adolescent; conscience education |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-11 |
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