美国研究型大学拔尖创新人才培养的经验及启示
| 作 者：靳玉乐 廖婧茜 |
| 单 位：西南大学 |
| 基金项目：中宣部文化名家暨“四个一批”人才资助项目“高
校拔尖创新人才培养的国际经验及改革研究”。 |
| 摘 要： |
| 美国研究型大学在美国国家创新体系中起着基础性和
关键性的作用。19世纪以来，美国研究型大学遵循以服务社会
为导向的大学使命，坚持以追求效用为标准的研究传统，强调
以创新素质为核心的培养目标，采取标准考试与综合评价并
重、核心知识与专业成长结合、教授治校与民主管理联合、课
堂教学与学术实践融合、市场机制与团队协作共生、平台搭建
与奖励机制并行的方式培养创新人才，形成了较为完善的创新
人才培养机制。借鉴美国经验，立足我国实际，推进我国高校
科研改革、营造创新人才成长环境、优化创新人才培养机制、
深入开展创业教育，是推动我国创新人才培养的现实之需、探
索之思和实践之路。 |
| 关键词：人才培养；研究型大学；创业教育；拔尖创新人才；美国 |
American Research University: Experience and
Enlightenment
| Author's Name: JIN Yu-le LIAO Jing-xi |
| Institution: |
| Abstract: |
| American research university plays a fundamental and critical role in the national
innovation system in the United States. Since nineteenth century, the American research university based
on the university mission of social services, adhered to the pursuit of utility as the standard of the
research tradition, emphasized the innovation quality as the core of the training objectives. The research
university took some actions to cultivate innovative talents, such as laying equal stress on standard test
and comprehensive evaluation, combining core knowledge with professional knowledge, associating
faculty governance with democratic management, integrating teaching and academic practice, coexisting
market mechanism and teamwork cooperation, developing platform building and reward mechanism
together, so has formed a relatively perfect mechanism of innovative personnel training. We should learn
from the experience of the United States based on local practice, to promote the reform of scientific
research in colleges and universities, to create growth environment for innovative talents, to optimize
the cultivation mechanism of innovative talents, to carry out entrepreneurship education, which are the
realistic needs, the exploring ideas and practical paths to promote the cultivation of innovative talents in
China. |
| Keywords: research university; undergraduate; tip-top innovative talents; talents cultivation; USA |
| 投稿时间：2017-02-26 |
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