发展院校研究 建立高校决策支持系统
| 作 者：刘献君 |
| 单 位：华中科技大学 |
| 基金项目： |
| 摘 要： |
| 决策支持系统是决策体系的重要组成部分。高校自身
的特点决定了其决策支持系统具有特殊的重要性。调查发
现，我国高校没有决策支持系统，或决策支持系统不健全，是
实现科学决策的一个突出问题。院校研究的核心职能是通过
收集与分析数据，为决策过程提供支持。为此，应在高教研
究机构和发展规划处的基础上建立院校研究机构，大力发展
院校研究。教育部门应重视和支持院校研究，使之成为高校
决策体系中的决策支持系统；要加速国家教育数据库建设，
并向院校研究人员开放；要进行新的人事制度设计，改革相
应的考核晋升机制，完善相关制度。 |
| 关键词：高等学校；高校治理；院校研究；决策体系；决策支
持系统 |
Advancing University Research and Building University
Decision Supporting System
| Author's Name: LIU Xian-jun |
| Institution: |
| Abstract: |
| Decision support system is an important part of decision making system. Decision support system of
colleges and universities is uniquely important because of the special features of colleges and universities.
Firstly, since the management, operation, and assessment are accomplished by different parties in higher
education, universities enjoy a high level of autonomy. Therefore, they should address many crucial
problems independently. Secondly, universities have to make the decisions considering their distinct
characteristics. For example, universities should make relevant decisions to create suitable conditions
to ensure freedom. Universities need to make three different types of decisions, namely academic,
administrative and comprehensive decisions. Universities are likely to make decisions that go against their
essential objectives or to vacillate between alternative strategies. As a result, the decision-making process
is usually complex.
In recent years, especially from May 2014 to May 2015, researchers from the Institutional
Development Research Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, conducted a series
of investigations, using various methods (including questionnaires, interview and inquires). Researchers
made a thorough and comprehensive survey on a national level, covering 878 colleges and universities.
According to the survey, the fact that there is no or not good decision support system is a notorious
barrier to scientific decision making processes. The decision support system is mainly comprised of three
parts, namely, data and database system, knowledge and technology, staff and organizations. As for
the data and database system, although several progresses have been made, there are still many unsolved
issues. Besides, the relevant knowledge and theories are scattered, lacking sufficient innovations. The
most important part, staff and organizations, also lack competent skills and thus cannot meet the
requirements.
The relevant organizations are mainly institutions of higher education research and office of strategic
planning. As for institutions of higher education research, among the 878 colleges and universities,
514 have established institutions of higher education research, representing 59%. The total number
of researchers is 4578, of whom there are 2311 full-time researchers. Among these 514 colleges and
universities, 100 have Master program of higher education, representing 19% and 20 have PhD program
of higher education, representing 4%. Except cultivating the master or PhD students and conducting
macro higher education research, the institutions of higher education also need to carry out campus issue
studies, writing and editing reports or speech drafts for leaders. The establishment of strategic planning
office is a result of recent emphasis of the Ministry of Education on strategic planning. Most colleges and
universities have established strategic planning office which have exerted positive influences on formulating
university statutes and making strategies. However, these offices also have drawbacks. Since staff in
strategic planning office mainly assume administrative responsibilities, they usually lack the skills to work
scientifically and systematically. Consequently, strategic planning office have only drafted plans and plans
usually turn out to be ineffective because they are usually difficult to implement and do not satisfy the
assessment criteria. Apart from that, they cannot assume the responsibility of decision support.
The key function of institutional research is to collect and analyze data so that they could support
decisions. The universities in developed countries tend to pay more attention and budgets to institutional
research, and make it the decision-making system. Over the past decade, practices of institutional
research in China have made some progresses and gained a good base. As a result, we think that
institutional research should be facilitated and the office of institutional research should be established on
the basis of the institutions of higher education research and office of strategic planning and make it the
decision support system. Thus, relevant suggestions are proposed as follows. The Ministry of Education
should invest more in institutional research and make it the decision support system in university
decision systems. Besides, the construction of the national postsecondary education data system should be
accelerated and opened to institutional researchers. Lastly, the mechanisms and policies of evaluation and
promotion should be transformed and new personnel system should be designed in order to encourage the
institutional researchers to work hard and make contributions in their positions. |
| Keywords: |
| 投稿时间：2016-11-18 |
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