西南联大教育成就的历史情境分析
| 作 者：阳荣威 梁建芬 |
| 单 位：湖南大学 |
| 基金项目：2014年湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究项目
“岳麓书院教学特色对现代高校教学改革的借鉴” |
| 摘 要： |
| 西南联大在短短的8年办学历史中，在极其艰苦的条
件下，培养出大批杰出人才，不能不让人惊叹她的巨大教育成
就。研究者将西南联大的成功归咎于大学自治、学术自由、民
主管理等因素，但是对这些要素是在什么样的历史情境中形
成的关注不多。通过继续追问这些要素生成的历史情境，有
助于探讨西南联大的精神，学术独立与自由，民主管理在当时
历史情境中如何能够形成的原因。西南联大的精神生成的历
史情境主要体现在：知识分子的爱国主义情怀被民族危难唤
醒；保存中华文脉的使命感被日本侵略者的图谋所警醒；知
识分子的社会责任感被社会现实所激发。西南联大学术自由
氛围形成的历史情境主要体现在：当时知识分子犬儒主义还
未形成；政府无力干预，自治传统得以延续；开明的地方政治
对学术自由的作用。西南联大学民主管理机制形成的历史情
境主要体现在：西南联大校际矛盾冲突缓和的需要，患难之
交的民主与宽容。 |
| 关键词：西南联大；学术自由；民主管理；历史情境；大学自治 |
Historical Scenario Analysis on National Southwest
Associated University’s Educational Achievement
| Author's Name: YANG Rong-wei LIANG Jian-fen |
| Institution: |
| Abstract: |
| National Southwest Associated University had only eight years of history.But under
the extremely difficult conditions，it had produced a large number of outstanding talents.People
can not help marvelling at her great educational achievement.Some researchers attributed the
great success to the University autonomy，academic freedom，democratic management in National
Southwest Associated University.However,Few researchers have paid attention to how these
elements were formed and what kind of a historical scenario had made them.
The paper explored the elements which generated the historical scenario, that is, we discussed
the reasons for why the ethos of Southwest Associated University,the academic independence and
freedom,the democratic management approach were developed at that historical context.
The historical context for the ethos of Southwest Associated University was mainly embodied
in that the intellectual patriotic feelings was awakened by the dangers challenged our nation; the
mission to continue China’s cultures was placed before them due to the invaders’ attempt to
aggressive conspiracy; and Chinese intellectuals’ responsibility for the society was inspired by the
grim social realities.
The historical context for the freedom of the academic atmosphere in Southwest Associated
University was mainly manifested in the absence of intellectual cynicism at that time,the inability
for government to interfere with the academics, the traditional self-governance, the effect of
enlightened local politics on academic freedom. The historical context of the democratic management
mechanism in Southwest Associated University was mainly manifested in the need of mitigating
the intercollegiate contradictions,the democracy and tolerance bred in the adversities shared by all
parties at that time. |
| Keywords: National Southwest Associated University; academic freedom; democratic
management; historical scenario; university autonomy |
| 投稿时间：2016-02-27 |
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